Two other Indian philosophies, Buddhism and Jainism, did not accept the authority of the Vedas and evolved into separate religions. Schools of Indian philosophy which cite the Vedas as their scriptural authority are classified as “orthodox” (āstika). Philosophies and sects that developed in the Indian subcontinent have taken differing positions on the Vedas. Vedic mantras are recited at Hindu prayers, religious functions and other auspicious occasions. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism.Īccording to Hindu tradition, the Vedas are apauruṣeya “not human compositions”, being supposed to have been directly revealed, and thus are called śruti (”what is heard”). The Vedas ( Sanskrit véda वेद “knowledge”) are a large corpus of texts originating in Ancient India.
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